&lt;h2 style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;Estimated HIV transmission risk per exposure for specific activities and events&lt;/h2&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table class=&quot;table table-bordered&quot; style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt; width: 945px; max-width: 100%; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 1px solid #dddddd; background-color: transparent;&quot; align=&quot;&quot;&gt;
&lt;tbody style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box;&quot;&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot; bgcolor=&quot;orange&quot;&gt;
&lt;th style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Activity&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;th style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #000000;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Risk-per-exposure&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/th&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in high-income countries&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.04% (1:2380)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in high-income countries&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.08% (1:1234)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vaginal sex, female-to-male, studies in low-income countries&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.38% (1:263)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vaginal sex, male-to-female, studies in low-income countries&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.30% (1:333)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vaginal sex, source partner is asymptomatic&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.07% (1:1428)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vaginal sex, source partner has late-stage disease&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.55% (1:180)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner unknown status&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.27% (1:370)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Receptive anal sex amongst gay men, partner HIV positive&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.82% (1:123)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Receptive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.18% (1:555)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Insertive anal sex, gay men, partner unknown status&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.06% (1:1666)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Insertive anal sex with condom, gay men, partner unknown status&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.04% (1:2500)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Receptive fellatio&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estimates range from 0.00% to 0.04% (1:2500)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mother-to-child, mother takes at least two weeks antiretroviral therapy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.8% (1:125)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mother-to-child, mother takes combination therapy, viral load below 50&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.1% (1:1000)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Injecting drug use&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 56px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Estimates range from 0.63% (1:158) to 2.4% (1:41)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Needlestick injury, no other risk factors&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;0.13% (1:769)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Blood transfusion with contaminated blood&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style=&quot;box-sizing: border-box; padding: 8px; line-height: 1.42857; vertical-align: top; border: 1px solid #dddddd; height: 36px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;92.5% (9:10)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/tbody&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;Sources: vaginal sex;1 anal sex;2 fellatio;3 2 mother-to-child;4 other activities.5&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-paragraph-type: empty; -qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;text-decoration: underline; color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;References&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;1. Boily MC et al. Heterosexual risk of HIV-1 infection per sexual act: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Lancet Infect Dis 9(2): 118-129, 2009&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;2. Vittinghoff E et al. Per-contact risk of human immunodeficiency virus transmission between male sexual partners. American Journal of Epidemiology 150: 306-311, 1999&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;3. Del Romero J et al. Evaluating the risk of HIV transmission through unprotected orogenital sex. AIDS 16(9): 1296-1297, 2002&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;4. Townsend C et al. Low rates of mother-to-child transmission of HIV following effective pregnancy interventions in the United Kingdom and Ireland, 2000-2006. AIDS 22: 973-981, 2008&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #99ccff;&quot;&gt;5. Baggaley RF et al. Risk of HIV-1 transmission for parenteral exposure and blood transfusion. AIDS 20: 805-812, 2006&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;-qt-block-indent: 0; text-indent: 0px; margin: 0px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color: #ccffff;&quot;&gt;updated on 35 January 2020.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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